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Neutrality Patrol
The Nazi invasion of Poland on September 1, 1939, began World War II hostilities in Europe; and the United States Navy Chief of Naval Operations (CNO) established a combined air and ship patrol of the United States Atlantic coast, including the Caribbean Sea, on September 4. President Franklin D. Roosevelt declared the United States’ neutrality on September 5, and declared the naval patrol a Neutrality Patrol.〔Cressman, p. 2〕 Despite the name, the Neutrality Patrol favored the British, because the Royal Navy had significantly greater access to the Atlantic.〔Potter & Nimitz, p. 548〕
==Neutrality Zone==
On September 4, 1939, the CNO ordered the Atlantic Squadron to establish a combined air and ship patrol to observe and report the movements of warships of warring nations within a line extending east from Boston to 65 degrees west and thence south to the 19th parallel and seaward around the Leeward and Windward Islands.〔 The concept of a naval Neutrality Patrol within that zone was presented to a Conference of Foreign Ministers of the American Republics convened in Panama on September 25. After considerable debate, the conference agreed on October 2, 1939, to extend the neutrality zone southwesterly parallel to the northeastern coast of South America approximately offshore.〔Morison, pp.14&15〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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